Character Sketch on Jack Merridew from Lord of the Flies :: essays research papers

Jack initially shows up in Chapter 1 on page 15 after Ralph had blown the conch. He shows up from the start to be an unnerving and frequenting figure in the manner he dresses, a long clearing dark shroud, from a separation resembling an anecdotal character. Jack is presented as murkiness and shadow, â€Å"Within the precious stone dimness of the sea shore something dim was bungling along... the animal ventured from illusion on to clear sand, and afterward they saw that the murkiness was not all shadow but rather generally clothing.† The picture Ralph sees is really Jack and his ensemble young men. At the point when they are first presented, â€Å"the warmth of the tropics, the drop, the quest for food, and now this sweat-soaked walk along the blasting sea shore had given them the appearances of recently washed plums.† Jack wore â€Å"a long dark shroud which bore a long silver cross on the left bosom and each neck was done off with hambone frill.† Each ensemble kid likewise wore a square dark top with a silver identification on it yet Jack’s identification was brilliant. Jack is â€Å"tall, dainty, and hard: his hair was red underneath the dark top. His face was...freckled, and monstrous without absurdity... .â€Å" His eyes were splendid blue and were prepared gone to outrage if vital. He held himself upstanding and moved physically and with power. The primary thing Jack says when he gets together with Ralph, Piggy and the other horde of young men is, â€Å"Where’s the man with the trumpet?† The manner by which he says this shows his scorn for different kids on the island. Now he just thinks about himself, his own responses to changes and his own emotions. This is noticeable through his none existent enthusiasm towards the young men. He can't help contradicting some of what is stated, â€Å"This was the voice of one who realized his own mind.† He has a hateful disposition towards different young men including the ensemble however shows a hesitant regard and a timid preference for Ralph once Ralph is chosen as pioneer and offers him proceeded with control of the ensemble to be given which ever work Jack picks. From the start Jack doesn’t appear to be fulfilled that there isn’t a man and asks why Ralph has brought everybody if there is no boat. He is put out in light of the fact that he isn’t boss. He accepts that Ralph isn’t ready to control the young men and believes that he has his needs all wrong-Ralph ought to arrange individuals to go out chasing as opposed to building cottages and propping starts up.

Criminal Justice, Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Criminal Justice, - Essay Example This is on the grounds that the criminal equity arrangement of the United States goes about as a benchmark of the most evolved equity framework on the planet making it an essential interminable model. The wrongdoing control model works effectively inside the criminal equity framework by rebuffing wrongdoing and in the process filling in as the best device to reroute the event of criminal conduct. Note that the fair treatment model and the wrongdoing control model are two structures inside the criminal equity framework under clash all through the world for a long time. Advocates of the fair treatment model hold that no one can deny of life of any individual, opportunity, and material riches including property ignoring the legitimate procedures just as protections. The fair treatment structure requires the criminal equity framework to ensure the privileges of nay individual accused of wrongdoing. Be that as it may, the wrongdoing control system for upholding law bases on the suspicion of complete unwavering quality of realities gathered by cops and handles individuals captured by the trained powers as blameworthy. For this situation, the arrestees are blameworthy and continue to the courts to demonstrate their blamelessness. Then again, the fair treatment considers the arrestees blameless and doles out the criminal equity framework the obligation of demonstrating that they are liable. This denotes the main distinction between the fair treatment and the wrongdoing control model. The two structures present the most contending models inside the crimina l equity framework and result in the ever-expanding strain bringing disharmony and struggle by and by detectable inside a similar framework. The models target testing wrongdoing however demand giving the most proper equity to both the law authorities and the arrestees. Teacher Herbert, structured the fair treatment model to ensure that individuals captured and accused of wrongdoing have their privileges secured and get reasonable preliminary just as judgment. The model demands the

Eli Whtiney essays

Eli Whtiney expositions Eli Whitney and Interchangeable Parts It was 1765. One of the most powerful creators in American history, Eli Whitney, was conceived in Westboro, Massachusetts. He contributed probably the best advancements to American culture. There are various circumstances that helped shape or rouse Eli. Being presented to his dad's workshop, Eli gathered an enormous measure of information on craftsmanship and mechanics. During school, Whitney's encounters at Yale additionally had numerous effects on him. At the point when his quest for a law degree bombed he started to get occupied by his partiality for mechanics. He additionally got an instruction including propelled science and graduated with distinction. Whitney was likely most affected, however, by prior endeavors at large scale manufacturing. The British material assembling process roused him as did a French man named LeBlanc, who had endeavored the procedure of compatibility yet passed on before observing its impact. Despite the fact that Eli was not sure on the off chance that it was his own veritable idea, he obtained credit for placing the procedure vigorously. In spite of the fact that maybe most popular for his development of the cotton gin, Eli Whitney's most prominent achievement was effectively acquainting tradable parts with America. Up to that point, each rifle's part had been hand made, accordingly the pieces of one firearm didn't fit some other weapon. Whitney made the parts to his rifles so about indistinguishable that the machine parts could be tradable starting with one weapon then onto the next. For each piece of the firearm, a format was made. Whitney at that point imagined a machine that permitted a man to slice metal as indicated by an example. It was made out of a wheel with its cutting teeth that were driven around the edge of the format. No master mechanical aptitude was required. This machine was known as the processing machine. He originally tried his development on black powder rifles. The government's venture and backing empowered Whitney to demonstrate the attainability of his framework and set up it as the ... <!

The effect of day care on their children Essay Example for Free

The impact of day care on their youngsters Essay I would for the most part concur with the view that parental qualities exceptionally influence how the earth of their childs day care would be; to be sure this will impact the social learning of the kid. On the off chance that a choice was made for the youngster to go to day care normally, this clearly would be made by one, or both, of the essential guardians/guardians. Along these lines, it is their decision into which foundation their youngster will take care of. This incredibly relies upon the qualities and ways of life of the nuclear family, in this manner influencing the childs prosperity in day care. Nature in which the youngster is brought up in unfathomably influences how they see, and are seen, later on throughout everyday life. Therefore, picking the correct day care for the previous years in life would be advantageous for the guardians, and particularly the kid. Since every family has an alternate riches status, this affects which significant choices are made throughout everyday life. A family where are profoundly well off would pick a higher status day care, while in examination a family which is not exactly white collar class would pick a less fortunate quality day care. Regardless of whether both the higher and less fortunate quality day care underpins youngsters while essential parental figures are away, the day cares contrast in singular quality. Better expectations of day care acquire high wellbeing and security necessities, responsive and warm communications among kids and staff, formatively proper educational program and satisfactory staff preparing. While low quality consideration puts childrens advancement in danger: theyre prone to acquire lower language and psychological scores, and slack on social turn of events. Diverse quality day cares are picked by guardians who are connected with various conditions. For example, single working moms or low wages are bound to encounter low quality consideration. However, as indicated by the perspectives on Scarr (1998), we can't be certain whether its the nature of day care or the parental attributes which impact childrens advancement. Be that as it may, it is the parental attributes which influence the nature of day care. In the event that a family is soaking in obligations, they couldn't bear the cost of a first class day care which has a significant expense. By picking a costly day care, this would thusly bring down the familys riches, since they as of now have balance which is expected. Subsequently, this will affect the youngster, as the kid will see pressure happening in the family. Accordingly, better day cares are impossible. In examination, higher class families will pick the greatest day care for their posterity, since they have the cash and time, for this methodology. What I mean by time is that, they engage in the childs day care, for example, PTA, raising support and chipping in. This would not be available in lower class families, as they are significantly more distracted with work, as opposed to investing more energy with their youngster, which they keep in day care. All in all, I would concur parental attributes profoundly influence the nature of a childs day care, and the childs life itself. Since it has been expressed that childs connection will profoundly influence how they will be appended later on throughout everyday life, day care likewise motivates and suggests this. Day care gives further connections to be framed; in this way a childs public activity would have greater security and solidness. In this manner, picking an inappropriate day care gives less of this solace, and to a lesser extent a childs allure to adapt effectively.

The Game

The ‘Game’ So last week, I made a trek out to the school down the street for The Game. This was my first time in all four years that Id been at MIT that I had the chance to go to the game. We started off by visiting the undergraduate party for food galore. My friend, Steph 07 Me and Elyse 07 (I have a weird dancing face) Mitra, Steph, and Me Now the game was one thing, but I think we decided that the more clever competition was in the t-shirt designed specifically for the game. (Disclaimer: These photos are in no way intended to discourage you from applying to Yale.) And WAIT! This really is not just a rivalry of two schools, MIT is in the mix too. MIT has a long standing tradition of hacking the football game. From Wikipedia: The most famous exploit was carried out at Harvard Stadium during the second quarter in 1982, when a Harvard score was immediately followed by a huge black weather balloon, previously installed under the 45 yard line by students from MIT as the letters painted on its side proclaimed, slowly inflating until it exploded, spraying talcum powder over the field (Harvard won, 45-7). This year was no exception: See if you can spot the hack.

International Bussiness Law Essay - 275 Words

International Bussiness Law (Term Paper Sample) Content: INTERNATIONAL BUSSINESS LAWTerm paperName:Instructor:Course: ArtDate: 1st December 2014International business LawÂincludes the appropriate rules and customs for handling trade or business between countries. It is also branch of law which is an independent field of study as most governments have become part of the world trade. It is the standardization of fundamental business practices worldwide. It is a function of increasing global interdependence. International business, by its very structure, transcends national states and is inherently lawlessFunctions of international business lawsInternational business law is having a single legal framework that governs international transactions saves money by simplifying the costs of compliance. If a firm had to modify its functioning based on each state's legal structure, the costs of doing business overseas would be very high. Having an international business laws saves time and money. International business law has seve ral sources for basic legislation. Primarily, major financial institutions that back groups such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank are major legislators of basic business practices. In addition, regional organizations such as the European Union, the Arab League, and the Association of East Asian Nations are also sources of international law and practice in business.Features of international business lawsThe basic features of International business law concern protections for intellectual property, contract enforcement, environmental protection and labor standards (van den Bossche 2008). The main target is to create uniform standards. This may include creation of common currency and trading co... International Bussiness Law Essay - 275 Words International Bussiness Law (Term Paper Sample) Content: INTERNATIONAL BUSSINESS LAWTerm paperName:Instructor:Course: ArtDate: 1st December 2014International business LawÂincludes the appropriate rules and customs for handling trade or business between countries. It is also branch of law which is an independent field of study as most governments have become part of the world trade. It is the standardization of fundamental business practices worldwide. It is a function of increasing global interdependence. International business, by its very structure, transcends national states and is inherently lawlessFunctions of international business lawsInternational business law is having a single legal framework that governs international transactions saves money by simplifying the costs of compliance. If a firm had to modify its functioning based on each state's legal structure, the costs of doing business overseas would be very high. Having an international business laws saves time and money. International business law has seve ral sources for basic legislation. Primarily, major financial institutions that back groups such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank are major legislators of basic business practices. In addition, regional organizations such as the European Union, the Arab League, and the Association of East Asian Nations are also sources of international law and practice in business.Features of international business lawsThe basic features of International business law concern protections for intellectual property, contract enforcement, environmental protection and labor standards (van den Bossche 2008). The main target is to create uniform standards. This may include creation of common currency and trading co...

Analyzing Themes Of Racial Supremacy - 971 Words

Analyzing Themes of Racial Supremacy in Malcom X s Learning to Read The fight against racism and the oppression of people of color is about equality. However, Malcom X suggests something much sinister in Learning to read. Composed from interviews taken shortly before X s death, The Autobiography of Malcom X was ghost-written by Alex Hayley in 1965. In the excerpt Learning to Read, X recalls the moment that his eyes were opened to slavery, oppression, and racism through literary works. The rhetoric X uses to convey his point, while passionate and progressive towards people of color, is decidedly racist and supremacist. Malcom X uses rhetoric, particularly historical and scholarly references, to convey a message of people of color s racial supremacy over the oppressive white man. Malcom X uses several main points to convey the clearly racist ideas that are being delivered to the audience. He speaks of the fact that black people must have come before all other racists and uses this in formation to state that his race is superior to all others. Also used is the idea of white Christianity, and how it is to blame for the problems of the people of color. Finally, he mentions the crime that has been commited agianst his race because of white-washed history and implies that, in order for things to change, some of history s most violent incidents will have to repeat themselves. One of the primary pieces of rhetoric X uses to convey his message of racial supremacy is hisShow MoreRelatedAmerican History And Its Current Setting927 Words   |  4 PagesRace is a central theme in American history and its current setting. Charting back to the 17th century when slavery was introduced to the States, it provided the foundation for wealth and expansion. The racial disparity also provides support for the class system and economic disparity that still exist today. When some used the term racist or racism, the denotation suggest that they are talking on an individual level. The Oxf ord dictionary regards racism as an individual hate and discrimination againstRead MoreAn Ideological Exploration Of Macklemore s Racial Redemption As A Musical Genre And Cultural Movement964 Words   |  4 PagesAn Ideological Exploration of Macklemore’s Racial Redemption As a musical genre and cultural movement, Hip Hop and Rap have been both cultural phenomena and musical genres within the United States that have reached internationally and driven conversations on sociopolitical troubles such as war, violence, and racism. Hip Hop and rap which at times have been used interchangeably, have seen drastic changes in both their reception as musical genres and have garnered vast visibility within the UnitedRead MoreWilliam Edward Burghardt Du Bois1252 Words   |  6 Pagesintegrated school and excelled there. When he was old enough, his neighbors and church raised enough money for him to attend Fisk University in Nashville from 1885 to 1888. Because he had never been south bef ore, this is where he first experienced racial prejudice and Jim Crow laws. After college, he went on to study in Berlin and receive both his masters and Ph.D. from Harvard University. Then, he began his great work in sociology. He published his first study not long after college called The PhiladelphiaRead MoreThe South : America With A Difference1697 Words   |  7 Pagesthe central theme of the southern history. This has largely interested many scholars as the south was known to be settled by a different Englishman, its experience of poverty since it was a nation that only knew abundance and its loss in the civil war as it was known as a nation that always had success (Gerster and Cords 11). Some writers have tried to define the difference of southern America regarding its passion for agriculture and slavery. However, time has caught up with these themes, slavery hasRead MoreThe And Invisible Man By Toni Morrison And Ralph Ellison1726 Words   |  7 Pagesindividuals were immo bilized, forced to be isolated while searching for an identity in a world that chose to see them as the un-American race. While analyzing these two novels, I will be using a Marxists lens to identify the social and historical outlook on black lives during the Reconstruction era and the Harlem Renaissance. As well as analyzing a common theme throughout black history, the search for identity and self-definition. The search for self-identity is a social topic that is prominent in blackRead MoreHow Parchman Reflects The Intertwined Themes Of Reform And Race1318 Words   |  6 PagesAnalyzing how Parchman reflects the intertwined themes of reform and race, we must look back into the history of the state, to see what caused the instability that led to reform and the role that citizens played. The Civil War is just ending and the South lost not only did they lose the battle , but they also lost their family members, homes, land and most of all for some they lost their slaves. During the war Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed all slaves in territoriesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Texas Left 1022 Words   |  5 PagesSouthwest. It is definitely a good book to be reviewed by any historian. The radical social and political changes and its causes of the stated region are studied on a broad note, which is paved to future research status (Cullen Wilkinson, 2010). The themes are well revealed by the editors David O’Cullen and Kyle G. The book proficiently explores the early efforts of the Black women, Tejanos, labor organizers and the political activists, which claim the rights of citizenships, recognition and livelihoodRead MoreAnalyzing 50 s And 60s American Society Through Music1778 Words   |  8 Pages Analyzing 50’s and 60s American society through music The two songs that I am going to analyze Is Nina Simone â€Å"To Be Young, Gifted and Black,† and Gil Scott Heron â€Å"Whitey on the Moon†. I will view both of these songs in terms of there contributions to the counter hegemonic force fighting against the dominant white supremacist ideology that was prevalent during the 50’s and 60’s. To give some quick context about Nina Simone, she was a genuine musical artist who routinely recorded music that rangedRead More Jamaican Culture and Society Essay2959 Words   |  12 PagesJamaican Culture and Society I. Introduction- Retracing the Remnants of Colonialism: When discussing and analyzing contemporary Caribbean culture one must not fail to acknowledge the dreadful legacies of colonialism and imperialism. Contemporary Caribbean society, politics, and economics thinly veil the ramifications of a colonial and hegemonic past. Due to the remnants of colonial institutions such as slavery and the plantation system, the Caribbean has experienced a range of negative societalRead More Black Women in Rap Essay6410 Words   |  26 Pagesmouth And you could just eat me out What do ya choose to lick? You could eat me out Pussy or dick? Within the booming business that has become the rap world, certain musical themes and issues are more prevalent than most. In addition to such topics as drugs, alcohol and police brutality, a dominant theme within rap music is the denigration and derision of women. Indeed, as the above lyrics to Akinyeles song â€Å"Put It in your Mouth† illustrate, many male rappers use violent and misogynistic

How to Write a Bibliography For a Science Fair Project

Essay Can Science and Religion Co-exist - 1761 Words

Science and theology have diverged lines amongst several of the world’s phenomenon with the two greatest differences being human and world development. Although there are differences in the beliefs of these two groups, they are ultimately attempting to solve the same puzzles that consume the minds of members of both disciplines. In the end one might say, both disciplines are working to solve two different puzzles that may be really different, but ultimately are aspects of the same puzzle. Both the method and the aims of science and religion seem to be different. Science is considered to be more linked to the material aspect of all things, where religion is concerned with the spiritual. These are just two of the differences to be discussed†¦show more content†¦Religions are based on what myths the members believe to be true. Some examples of these sacred collections are the Bible and Koran. Christians following the Bible are told, through scripture, that the earth was created by God in six days. The Bible describes how God also created Adam and Eve who were the beginning of humankind. Being as these creations of God are believed to have occurred over 6,000 years ago and no harden proof of the creation is available, religious followers utilize the stories of the creations described in scripture as the basis for their beliefs. The estimate of the creation occurring over 6,000 years ago is determined by theologians using mathematical equations based on statements found in the bible (Deem, 2006). This brief description of God’s creation is the Christian belief of beginning of the world and mankind which is based upon spiritual concerns which strongly differs from that of the scientific belief. Scientists use the scientific method of research to develop theories. This method of research begins with a problem or question, then observation and research of the question is conducted. Following this research the scientists creates a hypothesis, or e ducated guess, of one definitive answer to the question. The scientist then conducts an experiment where he collects and analyzesShow MoreRelatedThe Scopes Monkey Trial1116 Words   |  5 PagesEver since science began to explain the previously unexplainable, it has caused conflicts with religion. The Scopes â€Å"Monkey† Trial of Dayton, Tennessee was one of the most talked about trials in history because it was one of the first and most publicized times that this conflict occurred. The trial showed the schism between the faithful fundamentalists and the newly formed group of evolutionists. Although the jury was reminded that they only had to decide if Scopes had broken the law, the verdictRead MoreEvolution Of Science And Religion1179 Words   |  5 PagesWhen comparing science and religion there has been a great rift. As long as humanity has believed in a creator there as always been thinkers trying to quantify and evaluate the truth behind religion, trying to disprove o r prove a supernatural force. The ancient Greeks were pioneering philosophers which started the great rift we see in the early development of scientific and quantified analysis. This was first started by Aristotle whuch believed that science was a process of trying to understandRead MoreThe Clash of Faith and Evidence1545 Words   |  6 PagesClash of Faith and Evidence History has shown that in the past, religion dominated as an explanation of knowledge and was used to explain many of the worlds mysteries such as why the sun rises and sets and how the world came to be. Science, using concrete and tested evidence, gave light to many of these mysteries and debunked the myths created from religion. In todays modern society, science has advanced in a remarkable fashion. Science has broken down objects into structured molecules, found theRead MoreA Sociological Study Of Religion1159 Words   |  5 PagesReligion is one of the most difficult topics in life, not to mention the oldest. People look for the ultimate truth to religion, which in my opinion leads to misguidance and a slant of science. I think this helps true believers find their way to a faith; it certainly helped me. Science does get carried away at times; however, it is good that people are questioning stories from the bible because then we can see how corrupt the world is. Why can t faith exist? Why does everything have to be blackRead MoreThe Controversial Theory Of Evolution1312 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween the science world and the religious world regarding evolution. Some science and religious advocates agree that there is the possibility of both the scientific and religious beliefs on how the world came about co-exiting. However, some religious groups, like the Creationists completely disagree with the idea of evolution because of their total belief that everything came from a â€Å"divine creator†. Though there are conflicting views, the theory of evolution by natural selection can co-exist with theRead MoreAll Girls and All Boys - Should Schools Educate One Gender? Essay example647 Words   |  3 Pagesmany sayings and arguments. Also, other studies related, should be put into consideration. There are many more opinions that support single-sex education, others support co-education. Most world countries are following the opinion that says that coeduc ation is better and more effective than single sex education. Theoretically, co-educational process is more fruitful than single-sex education thats because of three main factors that affect greatly; firstly, the students behavior; secondly, the educationalRead MoreRelationship Between God and Creation720 Words   |  3 Pagesthink this is the image of human dignity. We can simplify this by saying that we are smarter than other creatures in this earth. In my opinion from a person who doesn’t have any religion, I don’t believe in this. Because I always believe that human has been developing in a long way of evolution, and now I just learnt a new conception which is god created human. It is really interesting but still I don’t believe it. Maybe I am a person of science, and yet I can be wrong but for right now I am faithfulRead MoreReligion vs. Science Essays730 Words   |  3 PagesReligion vs. Science The human mind is easily convinced on what the eyes tell the mind. If you see something in front of yourself, you might have an easier time believing, than if one was to tell a story. Religion is a story that has been told for thousands of years, and not till technology has ripened have scientists disproved many beliefs. It is now that mankind lets religion restrain the mind from portraying the truth about life. Some people claim that science does notRead MoreA Statement Of The Hebrew Essay920 Words   |  4 PagesDespite that material creation of temple is necessary, inauguration is also important part. Therefore Genesis 1 as an account of functional origins of the cosmos as temple. Some people think that more science can explain, than less God is necessary, and at some point God could become unwanted. However science is teleologically neutral, it is unable to say whether or not natural phenomena have a purpose. And since Genesis 1 is all about teleology, God is the one responsible for creation of everything .Read MoreA Brief Look at Scientology1054 Words   |  4 PagesScientology a cult? Scientology is a cult, or at least, as I would understand it to be in my mind. So, yes. However, the faculty and followers of the Church of Scientology refer to it as the fastest new religion the world has ever seen. Many past disciples of the Church of Scientology that left the so-called religion or cult say that they were harassed. Prospective new members go through a process called â€Å"auditing,† which is described from the website as a process in which, â€Å"one is able to look at one’s own

Collegiate Sports And Collegiate Athletes - 1794 Words

From a very early age children around the country begin dreaming of playing a sport in college and eventually as a professional, but the number of them that succeed in just reaching the college stage is staggeringly miniscule. The table below reflects the probability of competing in athletics beyond high school, both college and professionally, based on estimated data. It shows how little of an opportunity student athletes have to make it into collegiate sports and collegiate athletes to make it into the professional arena. Student-Athletes Men s Basketball Women s Basketball Football Baseball Men s Ice Hockey Men s Soccer High School Student-Athletes 538,676 433,120 1,086,627 474,791 35,198 410,982 High School Senior Student-Athletes 153,907 123,749 310,465 135,655 10,057 117,423 NCAA Student-Athletes 17,984 16,186 70,147 32,450 3,964 23,365 NCAA Freshman Roster Positions 5,138 4,625 20,042 9,271 1,133 6,676 NCAA Senior Student-Athletes 3,996 3,597 15,588 7,211 881 5,192 NCAA Student-Athletes Drafted 46 32 254 678 7 101 Percent High School to NCAA 3.3% 3.7% 6.5% 6.8% 11.3% 5.7% Percent NCAA to Professional 1.2% 0.9% 1.6% 9.4% 0.8% 1.9% Percent High School to Professional 0.03% 0.03% 0.08% 0.50% 0.07% 0.09% http://www.ncaa.org/about/resources/research/probability-competing-beyond-high-school Is it fair for an organization to make $912 million in revenue and not pay the employees that bring in all that money? This only sounds right if the organization being discussed isShow MoreRelatedAthletes Are The Vertebral Column Of Collegiate Sports1223 Words   |  5 PagesCollegiate athletics have gained immense popularity among the public over the past twenty years. As a result, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and contributing educational institutions benefit from increased income, which has ignited the debate of whether college athletes should receive some sort of financial compensation outside of their athletic scholarships. Institutions depend on athletes to generate income and school reputation; therefore, several people consider a paymentRead MoreSports Nutrition : The Primary Goal Of Sports1137 Wor ds   |  5 PagesChapter II Sports Nutrition Literature The primary goal of sports nutrition is to achieve energy balance by ensuring an adequate caloric intake in the correct proportion of macronutrients (American Dietetic Association, 2000). These recommendations coupled with the need for quality training and adequate rests are the cornerstones for optimal athletic performance (Earnest, 2002). Achieving energy balance is crucial for the athlete’s ability to consistently train at the intense levels needed for athleticRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1526 Words   |  7 Pagescooperation, a business, in which the NCAA clearly states it is a business, not to pay its employees. Student-athletes are employees for the university, but are not labelled as one to avoid compensation for working. Meanwhile, student-workers at universities all over the nation are considered employees of the school, so are student-athletes. In the Florida Bar Journal the author states: If college athletes must be recognized as employees of their respective schools, would they have the right to file a chargeRead MoreEating Disorders Among Female Athletes958 Words   |  4 PagesEating Disorders Among Collegiate Female Student-Athletes Eating disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa, bulimia) are not rare in today’s society. They have become increasingly common among young women. Research indicates that there is a link between the media’s representation of â€Å"the perfect body† as well as ideals of attractiveness with dissatisfaction of body image and eating disorders (Ferguson, Munoz, Garza, Galindo, 2013). In this current literature review, I will focus on the impact of eatingRead MoreNegative Effects of Title Ix1741 Words   |  7 Pagesconfounded, because, unlike most educational institutions, athletic programs are gender-segregated by sport. In terms of intercollegiate athletics, Title IX essentially states that that all academic institutes of higher education are required to accommodate students with equal access to athletic participation, regardless of gender. This means that the overall number of athletic teams, scholarships, athletes, quality and quantity of athletic facilities, access to academic resources, access to physicalRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1708 Words   |  7 Pagesjustifying spending additional amounts of money on collegiate sports, as well as the players, has become a very hot pressed topic in which the collegiate athlete is losing out on much of the money generated by their performances either on the field or the court. Because many of these players help bring in money to the university, they believe that a portion of that money should be given back to them. Millions of dollars are made each year in collegiate sports but few of those dollars have been given backRead MoreThe Ethical Consideration Of The Ncaa1153 Words   |  5 Pagesyears, collegiate athletics has evolved from the original spectrum of rivalry competition into a business model that focuses on branding and expanding markets. According to Stephanie Harrison-Dyer (2011), â€Å"Sport is too much a game to be business and too much a business to be a game† (p. 1). Al though competitive sport has contributed remarkably to human culture, the increased popularity of sport and sport enthusiasts has generated a greater concern for moral and ethical conduct among athletes (Harrison-DyerRead MoreCollege Athletes1141 Words   |  5 PagesNational Collegiate Athletic Association, 480,000 college students were recruited to continue their education while playing the sports they love (â€Å"NCAA Recruiting Facts†). Several Americans question the lack of income for collegiate athletes, including college athletes that find themselves battling for a share of the NCAA’s profits in courtrooms. The last reported revenue of the National Collegiate Athletic Association from 2011-2012 was $871,600,000 (â€Å"NCAA Benefits to College Student-Athletes†). ThereforeRead MoreExamination Of Drinking Habits And Motives Of Collegiate Student-1378 Words   |  6 Pagesdrinking habits and motives of collegiate student- athletes. Journal of Applied Sport Management, vol. 9, no. 1, 2017, p. 78+. Academic OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=AONEsw=wu=kaea136v=2.1id=GALE%7CA48002999 0it=rasid=b0f90d6060160db2d2158297e68d58b9. Accessed 29 Mar. 2017. Summary: Author, Elizabeth A. Taylor, Rose Marie Ward, and Robin Hardin were all professors. Elizabeth A. Taylor completed the requirements for her Ph.D. in Kinesiology and Sports Studies in May of 2016. She isRead MoreWhat Is The Relationship Between Symptoms Of Depression And Sad?1330 Words   |  6 Pagesand SAD. Specifically, freshman student-athletes who had increased SAD also had increased symptoms of depression. The overall findings of 5% of student-athletes exhibiting symptoms of depression was lower than reported in the current collegiate literature.12 The combined 26% of SAD and subsyndromal SAD was higher than the general college population. Finally, in this group of student-athletes males, reported higher symptoms of SAD than female student-athletes. However, there were no sex differences

Ten Steps Of Billing Process Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(308) " or per centum collectible after deductibles, co-payment and any other decrease of the sum claimed, telephone figure or reference where an insured may obtain elucidation, information on how to register an entreaty of a denial of benefits, including the applicable timeframe to register \( Fordney, 2008 \) \." Measure One. Pre-register the patients. Obtain or verify the patient ‘s demographics. We will write a custom essay sample on Ten Steps Of Billing Process Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Gather the patient ‘s name, reference, phone figure, day of the month of birth, the nature of the medical job, the insured ‘s name, reference, phone figure, relation of the insured to the patient, type of insurance, insured ‘s ID figure. Determine if referrals are needed or is a anterior mandate needed? Verify referral or mandate phone Numberss provided on the card, co-pay sum, co-insurance, and whether the medical job is due to an car accident, or a work related accident. This information helps to find if a commercial insurance is primary or if another insurance is primary. Information obtained at pre-registration is important to the charge procedure and decreases denials ( Deutscher, 2008 ) . Measure Two. Establish the fiscal duties for the visit. Verify insurance eligibility and find how much to roll up up forepart from the patient. Insurance and all other information demands to be check at each visit because patients may reassign from one insurance program to another, move or alteration occupations. Eligibility can alter month to month on certain types of insurance therefore these types must be verified on each visit. This is besides where an account of the installation ‘s policy on fiscal affairs is given to the patient ( Deutscher, 2008 ) . Measure Three. Check-in the patient. Obtain the medical history and demographics of new patients. Confirm with returning patients that all information is right and up to day of the month. At this point, their record should be checked for any past charges still unpaid. If the patient ‘s insurance will non be covering this visit, or if the patient is without insurance, have the patient mark a release accepting duty for the entire sum due of this visit. Some installations collect co-pays at this point ( Deutscher, 2008 ) . Measure Four. Check-out patients. Enter the medical and process codifications for the visit to set up a charge with the patient or the patient ‘s insurance. Give them all prescription, lab faux pas or referral paperwork they might necessitate for ordered work. Schedule a follow-up assignment if necessary. Besides record any minutess for this visit ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Measure Five. Reappraisal coding conformity. Obtain CPT and ICD-9 codifications from the doctor ( s ) . Verify that all information is right before come ining it into the computing machine system. All codifications should be checked for mistakes. Everything in the study should logically associate together so the insurance company understands the necessity for the medical charge applied ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Measure Six. Check charge conformity. When it comes to a charge conformity program, the stairss in the charge procedure have to be done right by the regulations and ordinances set by the conformity program. The medical records must hold the right codifications for the charge to be right. A conformity program prevents fraud from happening, and helps happen and fix mistakes in medical certification and charge. Documentation must besides follow the regulations of the conformity program as good ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Measure Seven. Prepare and transmit claims. This is largely done electronically now, and the transmittals of claims have to be HIPAA compliant. This transmittal besides involves the insurance company or the clearinghouse directing a reception of recognition of the claim filed ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Measure Eight. Monitor payer adjudication. This involves maintain an aging study which shows all outstanding claims in columns, based on how many yearss old they are in 30 twenty-four hours increases. At 30 yearss, the procedure of naming on or resubmitting the claim begins ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Step Nine. Generate patient statements. Monitoring of patient balances is every bit of import. This is handled by directing monthly statements to patients with balances owing ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Measure Ten. Follow up on patient payments and handle aggregations. Identify which statements have gone out more than one time. If it has been sent three times so it ‘s of import to allow the patient know that his or her history is in danger of being sent to aggregation ( Fordney, 2008 ) . 1.a. Brush signifiers. The brush signifier is known by several different names, such as superbill, charge faux pas, and routing signifier. This signifier is printed out and attached to the patient ‘s wellness record at the clip of check-in. Besides the identifying information, it besides contains the procedural and diagnostic codifications and whether the patient should return for an assignment. This is a combination of a measure, an insurance signifier and a rout-system used in both computing machine and paper based systems. For computerized systems, this signifier can be scanned to input the charges and diagnoses into the patient ‘s history and medical record. Some have barcodes that can be read to input the charges and diagnoses into the patient ‘s history and medical record. Some medical patterns use the brush signifier as a routing sheet and as an bill to the patient. When used as a routing sheet, it becomes a beginning papers for insurance claim informations. The brush ‘s process and diagnostic codification subdivisions should be updated on reprinted twice a twelvemonth, based on alterations, add-ons, and omissions of procedural and diagnostic codifications ( Fordney, 2008 ) Explanation of Benefits. The Explanation of Benefits ( EOB ) , besides referred to as remittal advice, is a papers issued saying the position of the claim. This is sent by the remunerators to both the donees and suppliers. EOBs provide the necessary information about claim payment information and patient duty sums. Every wellness insurance company, including HMOs, is required to supply the insured or subscriber with an Explanation of Benefits in response to the filing of a claim. EOBs are non required when service is provided by a take parting supplier who receives full reimbursement straight from the insurance company, but will be provided upon petition. Each EOB must include the undermentioned: name of the supplier of the service, day of the month of service, designation of the service, supplier ‘s charge, the sum or per centum collectible after deductibles, co-payment and any other decrease of the sum claimed, telephone figure or reference where an insured may obtain elucida tion, information on how to register an entreaty of a denial of benefits, including the applicable timeframe to register ( Fordney, 2008 ) . You read "Ten Steps Of Billing Process Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" Advance Beneficiary Notice. An Advance Beneficiary Notice ( ABN ) is besides known as a release of liability. When a patient is to have a service or an point from a take parting supplier or suppler, that might be denied for medical necessity by Medicare, the supplier or provider must inform the patient and have him or her agree to pay for the denied service in progress. Every infinite on the ABN must be filled in before giving it to the patient to subscribe. Suppliers on the other manus, are non required to give the patient an ABN for services or points excluded from Medicare coverage. ABNs merely use if the patient is in the original Medicare program, and non in a Medicare private wellness program. If the patient does non acquire an ABN to subscribe before the service or point from the supplier, it is non specifically excluded from coverage, and Medicare does non pay for it, so the patient does non hold to pay for it. If the supplier does give the patient an ABN that is signed befor e service or given the point, and Medicare does non pay for it, so the patient will hold to pay the supplier. Medicare considers the appropriate usage of ABNs a conformity issue. When directing in a claim, the HCPCS qualifier -GA must be added to the appropriate codifications to bespeak that the patient has signed the release ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Remittance Advice. Electronic remittal advice ( ERA ) is an on-line dealing about the position of a claim. It gives information on claims paid or denied, and sends a ground to the charge specializer. Managed attention programs pay by either a capitation system or based on the services given to the patient with a statement of remittal or account of benefits ( EOB ) . In the system when payment is based on services rendered, and a statement of remittal or EOB is generated, such statements will enumerate services that have been rendered to patients and normally indicate the sum billed, sum allowed, sum paid, and any co-payment to be made by the patient. By and large patients under managed attention programs do non have an EOB. With Medicaid, if a supplier wants to have an ERA, so a signifier must be completed and sent to the financial agent. If a supplier is utilizing the paper system, so Medicaid will direct a remittal advice ( RA ) with all Medicaid payment cheques. Medicare sends a p ayment cheque along with a nationally standardised papers to take parting doctors called a Medicare RA. On the front side of the RA are position codifications that are the same countrywide, stand foring the ground a claim may non hold been paid in full or was denied, etc. These codifications are defined on the rearward side of the RA. Non-participating doctors besides receive an RA with payment information about unassigned claims ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Engagement Contracts. Participating suppliers ( par ) has a contractual understanding with an insurance program to render attention to eligible donees and so measures the 3rd party straight. The 3rd party remunerator pays its part of the allowed sum, and the supplier measures the patient for the balance non paid by the insurance company, after the excluded part is adjusted off the history. There are some programs though where the take parting supplier is called a member, and they may accept the payment as payment in full, or may be free to measure the patient for any unpaid balance, depending on the contract ( Fordney, 2008 ) . 1.b. Adjudication procedure for remunerators and suppliers. Once a claim has been sent to the patient ‘s wellness program, the remunerators review the claims through the adjudication procedure. Through this procedure the remunerator puts the claim through a series of stairss to find if it should be paid or non. After these stairss are completed, the remunerator decides to either pay the claim in full, to merely pay some of it, or to deny it wholly. Upon this, a study is sent to the supplier along with payment. If the patient has more than one insurance program, the primary program will direct the balance of the claim to them. Suppliers have contracted agreements with each remunerator hence what the remunerator pays out may non fit the supplier ‘s fee. Most suppliers so adjust/write off the difference of their fee to what the remunerator pays out. It is every bit of import for the supplier to supervise the claims. The faster the supplier can have payment the better his or her bottom line becomes. To supervise the claim during adjudication, the supplier must cognize the sum of clip the remunerator is allowed to take to react to the claim, and how long the claim has been in procedure. Suppliers have to register the claim within a certain sum of clip after the service, and remunerators have to treat clean claims within the claim turn-around clip agreed upon in the engagement contract ( prompt-pay Torahs ) . Aging is the 3rd portion of claim followup. Producing an aging study lets the supplier cognize how long the remunerator has had the claim. HIPAA 276 is the enquiry that is sent to obtain information on the position of a claim and HIPAA 277 is the response returned by the remunerator. From here the supplier must cognize the timetable for subjecting a corrected claim and how to register a 2nd claim if necessary, how to feed back if a claim has been denied for losing or wrong informations, and how to manage a petition for more information or certificati on ( Valerius, Newby A ; Seggern, 2008 ) . 2. Claims Processing Hospital/Facility Claims Processing Claims Transmission: The infirmary forwards the medical claims to the medical charge squad via a messenger or as scanned paperss. The medical claim must be supported by patient inside informations such as demographics, superbills, charge sheets, insurance confirmation informations, a transcript of the insurance card and any other information refering to the patient ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Retrieval and Checking of Medical Claims: The medical charge staff accesses the medical claims and back uping paperss. All paperss are checked for illegible or losing paperss and the infirmary charge office is notified instantly so that they can re-scan and direct losing paperss ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Medical Cryptography: An of import measure in claims treating is to repair the process and diagnoses codifications for each patient based on criterions such as CPT ( Current Procedural Terminology ) and ICD-9 ( International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition ) . The degree of service determines the 5-digit process codification, while the diagnosing codification is based on the medical diagnosing made by the physician ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Charge Creation: Medical Billing professionals will so make appropriate medical claims based on charge regulations refering to specific bearers and locations. All medical claims must be created within agreed turnaround times – by and large 24 hours. A thorough audit and checking of the completed medical claims is done at multiple degrees. The medical claims are checked for right and complete information, right process and diagnosing codifications, and the genuineness of all other relevant information about the patient, since incomplete/incorrect information is one of the individual most common grounds for rejection of medical claims ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Medical Claims Audit: A thorough audit and checking of the completed medical claims is done at multiple degrees. The medical claims are checked for right and complete information, right process and diagnosing codifications and genuineness of all other relevant information about the patient since incomplete/incorrect information is one the individual most common ground for rejection of medical claims ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Medical Claims Transmission: Medical claims created are filed for follow up before they are sent electronically to the claims transmittal section with all relevant information on each medical claim ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Claims Submission to Insurance Agencies: The audited, listed and recorded medical claims are printed out and dispatched to allow Insurance Agencies or governmental sections, with any fond regards or back uping paperss that may be required for colony ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Follow-up and Settlement: This involves the concluding phases where the medical charge squad follows up systematically with the insurance companies and payment bureaus until the concluding colony is disbursed ( Outsource2india, 2010 ) . Reprinted from Outsource2india, 2010 Physician/Provider Claims Processing Data entry of patient demographics, mentioning doctor, CPT and ICD Codes, and Modifier ( s ) is entered into the medical charge package Scan the paperss for charge mistakes and rectify them if needed Adjudicate client claims for truth Preparation of Explanation of Benefits ( EOBs ) Submit and file the claim with the insurance company Follow up on the claims with the insurance company Apprise biller of the position of the claim Process denied claims and re-adjudicate them for claims entry ( Outscource2india, 2010 ) Comparison of Commercial, Managed Care and Federal Insurance Plans Commercial wellness insurance covers medical disbursals and disability income for the Insured and are sold for by net income bearers. Policies vary in sums harmonizing to the types of specific coverage that they provide. It is besides coverage that provides two types of benefits – disablement income and medical disbursals ( answers.com ) . Managed Care Insurance feature is the inducement for the insured to remain within a specific web of wellness attention suppliers. Managed attention plans fall into 3 basic types: HMO, PPO, and POS. HMOs provide medical intervention on a postpaid footing, which means that HMO members pay a fixed monthly fee, irrespective of how much medical attention is needed in a certain clip period. A PPO is made up of physicians and or infirmaries that provide medical service merely to a specific group and a system where the patient pays no deductible and normally merely a little co-payment when they use a wellness attention supplier within their web ( answers.com ) . Federal Insurance plans. One of the most outstanding characteristics of the Federal Employee Health Benefit Program ( FEHBP ) is the picks it allows. There are three types of programs: fee-for-service and preferable supplier organisation ( PPO ) , normally offered combined, HMOs, and high deductible wellness insurance programs and other consumer-driven programs. In the FEHBP, the federal authorities sets minimum criterions and if met by an insurance company, allows it to take part in the plan. The consequence is legion viing insurance programs that are available to federal employees. The FEHBP has frequently been proposed as a theoretical account for national wellness insurance and sometimes as a plan that could straight inscribe the uninsured ( opm.gov ) . Major Payment and Reimbursements A Prospective Payment System ( PPS ) is a method of reimbursement in which Medicare ( CMS ) payment is made based on a predetermined fixed sum. The payment sum for a peculiar service is derived based on the categorization system of that service, such as diagnosis-related groups ( DRG ) for inpatient infirmary services.A DRGs have been used in the US since 1983 to find how much Medicare pays the infirmary, since patients within each class are clinically similar, and will utilize the same degree of hospital resources ( Fordney, 2008 ) . In the prospective payment method, payment rates for health care services are established in progress for a specific clip period. Two types of prospective payment methods are per-diem and case-based payment. In per-diem, the 3rd party remunerator reimburses the supplier with a fixed rate for each twenty-four hours a covered patient is hospitalized. In instance based, 3rd party remunerators reimburse suppliers per instance instead than for each service or per diem ( Casto, Layman, 2006 ) . CMS besides uses separate PPSs for reimbursement to acute inpatient infirmaries, place wellness bureaus, hospice, hospital outpatient, inmate psychiatric installations, inmate rehabilitation installations, long-run attention infirmaries, and skilled nursing installations ( CMS.gov ) . Another state – Spain During the 1980 ‘s alterations came to the Spanish health care plan. First they started with a societal security system that assured wellness attention coverage for merely the working and retired people while a combination of common and private organisations ensured basic attention for the remainder of the population. It was n’t until 1997 that DRG coding came into drama for hospital reimbursement. Previously wellness attention was reimbursed harmonizing to a per contact system based on Basic Assistance Units ( Cots, Salvador, Chiarello, Bustins, Castells, ( n.d. ) ) . DRG payment systems were foremost used in Catalonia in 1997. They adopted the CMS DRG coding version. Hospitals received an sum per instance depending on the comparative mean DRG weight of all infirmary discharges. The infirmary comparative ration is multiplied by a fixed sum that is published yearly. Catalonia Health sets the discharge monetary values for each comparative resource strength ( IRR ) and the construction comparative index ( IRE ) every bit good as two burdening per centums. IRE reflects the infirmary ‘s construction degree, while the degree of the infirmary ‘s ingestion of resources ( IRR ) is defined by DRG discharge weights coded with CMS DRGS ( Cots, Salvador, Chiarello, Bustins, Castells, ( n.d. ) ) . Outline Different PPS in the United states Physician attention groups ( PCHs ) PPS method for physician services in ambulatory scenes visit based classified services harmonizing to clinical similarity and scene includes patients from all age groups and from parts of the universe with instance mixes of diseases and differing forms of health care bringing Pediatric Modified Diagnosis Related Groups ( PM-DRGs ) for newborns and paediatric patients developed by National Association of Children ‘s Hospitals and Related Institutions All Patient DRGs ( AP-DRGs ) categorizations for neonatal, paediatric, bad obstetrical, multiple injury, organ graft, and ventilator-dependent patients allows accurate comparings of patients in footings of length of stay, resource ingestion and results International refined DRGs ( IR-DRGs ) inpatient categorization system designed for footing of payment of international health care Clinical hazard groups ( CRGs ) predicts future health care outgos capitated payment system includes all age groups fee for service reimbursement and episode of attention reimbursement based on unit of payment ( Casto, Layman, 2006 ) Acute Inpatient PPS each instance is categorized into a diagnosis-related group ( DRG ) each DRG has a payment weight assigned to it, based on the mean resources used to handle Medicare patients in that DRG basal payment rate is multiplied by the DRG comparative weight. Home Health PPS Medicare pays place wellness bureaus ( HHAs ) a preset base payment adjusted for the wellness status and attention demands of the donee payment is besides adjusted for the geographic differences in rewards for HHAs across the state. instance mix accommodation for the wellness status, or clinical features, and service demands of the donee provide HHAs with payments for each 60-day episode of attention for each benefit Inpatient Psychiatric Facilities PPS paid under the infirmary inmate prospective payment system ( PPS ) certain types of forte infirmaries and units were excluded from PPS because the PPS diagnosing related groups do non accurately history for the resource costs for the types of patients treated in those installations Facilities originally excluded from PPS included rehabilitation, psychiatric, kids ‘s, malignant neoplastic disease, and long term attention infirmaries, rehabilitation and psychiatric infirmary distinguishable portion units, and infirmaries located outside the 50 provinces and Puerto Rico ( BBRA ) ( Pub.L. 106-113 ) , directed the development of a per diem PPS for inmate psychiatric services furnished in infirmaries and exempt units. Inpatient Rehabilitation Facilities PPS authorizes the execution of a per discharge prospective payment system ( PPS ) , utilize information from a patient appraisal instrument ( IRF PAI ) to sort patients into distinguishable groups based on clinical features and expected resource demands. Separate payments are calculated for each group, including the application of instance and installation degree accommodations. Long-Term Care Hospital PPS a per discharge system with a diagnosis-related group ( DRG ) based patient categorization system reflects the differences in patient resources and costs the Secretary shall analyze, and may supply for, accommodations payments to DRG weights, country pay accommodations, geographic reclassification, outliers, updates Skilled Nursing Facilities PPS payment rates are adjusted for instance mix and geographic fluctuation in rewards screen all costs of supplying covered SNF services ( everyday, accessory, and capital-related costs ) . Inpatient PPS PC Pricer infirmary is paid a fixed sum for each patient discharged in a Diagnosis Related Group ( DRG ) fixed sum is intended to cover the cost of handling a typical patient for a peculiar DRG. The PPS Pricer package, calculates discharges from October 1 through September 30 for a given financial twelvemonth ( CMS.gov ) . 6.Local Medical Review Local medical reappraisal policies are developed to assist suppliers and providers in subjecting right claims for payment. Local policies outline when and under what conditions a service, point, or supply is considered medically sensible and necessary, every bit good as the methods contractors will utilize to reexamine claims. These policies are the foundation of the reappraisal procedure. They define the service, decides when a service is sensible and necessary, outlines any coverage standards or specific certification demands, provides specific coding or modifier information and provides mentions upon which the policy is based. CMS requires that local policies be consistent with national guidelines, hence utilizing an consultative commission of medical professionals within Medicare and the medical community, LMRPs is developed. Once they are developed and implemented, LMRPs so provides the determination devising standards for any claim reappraisal and payment determinations. With e ach province holding its ain Medicare contractor, A consequences in each province holding its ain LMRP Local Medical Review Policies ( LMPR, 2010 ) . 7.HIPAA Privacy and Security Rule HIPAA privateness regulation applies to protected wellness information ( PHI ) in any signifier or medium while the Security Rule covers merely PHI that is electronically stored or transmitted by covered entities. The Security Rule ( SR ) has a broader enterprise than the confidentiality focal point of the Privacy Rule. This Security Rules aims at guaranting the unity and handiness of electronic PHI excessively. The Security Rule has to turn to issues such as informations backup, catastrophe recovery and exigency operations. SR has to do certain that covered entities that collect, maintain, use or transmit PHI in electronic signifier must build sensible and appropriate administrative, physical and proficient precautions that guarantee unity, handiness and confidentiality. Such processs must supply protection against any moderately awaited menaces or jeopardies. The Security Rule besides includes a criterion for electronic signatures ( Fordney, 2008 ) . 8.Classifications, Taxonomies, Terminologies and Terminologies Taxonomies are defined as the scientific discipline of categorization. These are the numeral and alpha supplier forte 10 figure codifications which are assigned to sort each wellness attention supplier. Taxonomy codifications are necessary because some institutional suppliers may non take to use for a alone national supplier figure for each of its subparts. The type of forte could impact the doctor ‘s wage depending on the contract with the remunerator ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Categorizations are legion in the claims processing. There is the categorization of diseases, and categorization of patients – outpatient, inmate, and ambulatory patients, to call a few. Everything is put into a categorization which if used and understood, helps the claims processor with truth ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Terminologies are footings abbreviated to initials. In claims insurance there are EOB, ERA, HMO, DRG, CPT, APG, AVG, MDC, AMA, CMS, EDI, ED, etc. It ‘s the alone linguistic communication spoken by claim processors. A terminology can hold several significances therefore it is of import to cognize which terminologies are non acceptable to a installation. Besides, when in uncertainty, inquire a physician or other medical professional what the abbreviation means ( Fordney, 2008 ) . In claims treating nomenclatures such as EOBs ( Explanations of Benefits ) , EOMB ( Explanation of Medicare Benefits ) , ERA ( Electronic Remittance Advice ) , RA ( remittal advice ) are illustrations. These are words that are easy understood throughout the profession ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Office of Inspector General OIG undertakes countrywide audits, every bit good as probes and reviews to reexamine the claim entry procedure of suppliers and reimbursement forms of the plans. The presence of an OIG conformity plan can significantly relieve imposed punishments in the event of an OIG audit or other finds of deceitful charge activities. A comprehensive auditing and monitoring plan will assist minimise the hazard of fraud and maltreatment by placing hazard countries ( igo.state.gov ) . Quality Improvement Organization in Michigan MPRO is a non-profit-making organisation and serves as the quality betterment organisation ( QIO ) for Michigan since 1984. It is contracted with the Centers for Medicare A ; Medicaid Services. Its charge is: Work with Michigan Medicare suppliers to better the quality of attention for its endorsers. Promote all Michigan Medicare suppliers to follow grounds based medical specialty in all scenes. Protect the unity of the Medicare Trust Fund, by doing certain that Medicare pays merely for goods and services that are medically necessary that are performed in a proper medical scene. Protect the endorsers by look intoing their ailments and entreaties. QIO besides provides advisory services, medical and utilization reappraisals, informations analysis to federal bureaus, province Medicaid and public wellness bureaus, health care installations, and private wellness programs and 3rd party remunerators. QIO consists of a mixture of physician referees, clinical quality betterment and patient safety experts and statisticians. QIO serves infirmaries, nursing places, place wellness attention, physician offices and managed attention scenes ( MPRO.org ) . MPRO ‘s wellness attention quality betterment plans include legion preparations and go oning instruction events for Michigan suppliers across all scenes. Many events are free and Continuing Education Creditss are besides available. MPRO assists Michigan Medicare suppliers ( free of charge ) to better the quality and bringing of their wellness attention by the execution of evidence-based medical specialty that improves procedures and results. Areas of coverage include: Beneficiary Protection Patient Safety Prevention To better quality, safety and efficiency, MPRO publishes booklets for Medicare donees, explicating their rights as a donee ( MPRO, org ) . Other countries of service include: Breast Cancer and Cervical Cancer Control Program ( BCCCP ) Independent Medical Review Informal Dispute Resolution ( IDR ) Long Term Care Remediation Care Compliance Solutions for Long Term Care Providers Medicaid Fee-for-Service Utilization Review Program External Quality Review ( EQR ) MPRO is carry oning a Care Transitions undertaking in the mid Michigan country ( specifically, Clinton, Eaton and Ingham counties ) to measurably better the quality of attention of Medicare donees who transition between attention scenes. MPRO focuses on bettering coordination of attention between suppliers and across the continuum of attention by advancing seamless passages from the infirmary to place, skilled nursing attention, place wellness attention or other suppliers to forestall evitable readmission to the infirmary ( MPRO.org ) . The end of the Prevention Theme is to better the quality and frequence of preventative wellness attention services in order to optimise beneficiary quality of life and wellness attention efficiencies ( MPRO.org ) The Prevention Theme focuses on the undermentioned clinical subjects: Breast Cancer Colorectal Cancer ( CRC ) showing Influenza Immunizations Pneumococcal Immunizations Professionalism in Health Care Professionalism – Hard to specify, but you know it when you see it. Medical moralss are non Torahs, but criterions of behavior by and large accepted as moral guidelines for behaviour, by which a professional may mensurate the decorousness of his or her behavior in relationship with patients, doctors, colleagues, the authorities, and insurance companies. Acting with ethical behaviour agencies to transporting out duties with unity, decency, honestness, competency, consideration, regard, equity, trust, and bravery. The American Medical Association ( AMA ) adopted a codification of moralss for the benefit of the wellness professional in 1980. The Internet Health Coalition developed an eHealth Code of Ethics to protect patient ‘s information on the Internet ( Fordney, 2008 ) . An person must hold a assortment of features or qualities to work good as an insurance charge or coding specializer. Some of these qualities are: Strong critical thought and comprehensive reading accomplishments Logical and practical mind every bit good as a originative job convergent thinker Good organizational accomplishments Detail oriented One ‘s properties, accomplishments, personal image and behavior all contribute to professionalism ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Webster ‘s Collegiate Dictionary defines professionalism as â€Å" the behavior, aims or qualities that characterize or mark a profession or a professional individual † . All professionals portion common features and a codification to stay by. But it is non what we do as a professional, but how we do it, that defines the medical professionalism. It is the unconditioned lovingness of the patient, irrespective of their ability to pay or their station in life ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Most everyone knows instinctively what is meant when they hear the words â€Å" he ‘s so professional. † This evokes an image of high competency and high moralss ; person commanding regard. All countries of professionalism has a codification of behavior, it is non alone to the medical profession. This codification is the moral compass that keeps us on the consecutive and narrow. It will be our moralss that will separate us as a true professional ( Fordney, 2008 ) . Standards of Ethical Cryptography Coding professionals should: Apply accurate, complete, and consistent cryptography patterns for the production of high-quality health care informations. Report all health care informations elements ( e.g. diagnosing and process codifications, nowadays on admittance index, discharge position ) required for external coverage intents ( e.g. reimbursement and other administrative utilizations, population wellness, quality and patient safety measuring, and research ) wholly and accurately, in conformity with regulative and certification criterions and demands and applicable functionary coding conventions, regulations, and guidelines. Assign and study merely the codifications and informations that are clearly and systematically supported by wellness record certification in conformity with applicable codification set and abstraction conventions, regulations, and guidelines. Question supplier ( physician or other qualified health care practician ) for elucidation and extra certification prior to code assignment when there is conflicting, uncomplete, or equivocal information in the wellness record sing a important reportable status or process or other reportable informations component dependant on wellness record certification ( e.g. nowadays on admittance index ) . Garbage to alter reported codifications or the narrations of codifications so that significances are misrepresented. Garbage to take part in or back up cryptography or certification patterns intended to unsuitably increase payment, measure up for insurance policy coverage, or skew informations by agencies that do non follow with federal and province legislative acts, ordinances and official regulations and guidelines. Facilitate interdisciplinary coaction in state of affairss back uping proper cryptography patterns. Advance coding cognition and pattern through go oning instruction. Garbage to take part in or hide unethical cryptography or abstraction patterns or processs. Protect the confidentiality of the wellness record at all times and garbage to entree protected wellness information non required for coding-related activities ( illustrations of coding-related activities include completion of codification assignment, other wellness record information abstraction, coding audits, and educational intents ) . Demonstrate behaviour that reflects unity, shows a committedness to ethical and legal cryptography patterns, and Fosters trust in professional activities ( AHIMA.org ) . Revised and approved by the House of Delegates 09/08. All rights reserved. Reprint and cite merely with proper mention to AHIMA ‘s writing. The Federal Register The Federal Register is the day-to-day official diary of the Federal Government of the United States that contains public notices of authorities bureaus. The Federal Register is compiled by the Office of the Federal Register ( within the National Archives and Records Administration ) and is printed by the Government Printing Office. Since it is a publication of the U.S. Government, there are no copyright limitations on the Federal Register. It is in the public sphere and contains proposed new regulations and ordinances, Final regulations, alterations to bing regulations, and notices of meetings and adjudicative proceedings. This is a good mention for alterations in the wellness industry and maintaining abreast of approaching alterations. Example of a concluding regulation: Health Insurance Reform: Alterations to Electronic Data Transaction Standards and Code Sets AGENCY: Office of the Secretary, HHS. Action: Concluding regulation. Summary: In this concluding regulation, we respond to public remarks received and finalize commissariats applicable to electronic informations dealing criterions from two related proposed regulations published in the May 31, 2002, Federal Register. We are besides following proposed alterations to implementation specifications for wellness attention entities and others. In add-on, we are following alterations to implementation specifications for several electronic dealing criterions that were omitted from the May 31, 2002, proposed regulations. Effective Dates: These ordinances are effectual on March 24, 2003. A §164.500 [ Amended ] 6. A § In 164.500 ( B ) ( 1 ) ( four ) , take the words †including the appellation of wellness attention constituents of a covered entity † . A § 165.501 [ Amended ] 7. In A §164.501, the definitions of the undermentioned footings are removed: Covered maps Disclosure, Individual, Organized wellness attention agreement, Plan sponsor Protected wellness information, Required by jurisprudence, and Use. A § 164.504 [ Amended ] 8. In A §164.504, the undermentioned alterations are made: a. The definitions of the undermentioned footings are removed: Common control, Common ownership, Health attention constituent, and Hybrid entity. B. Paragraphs ( B ) through ( vitamin D ) are removed and reserved. Authority: Sections 1173 and 1175 of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1329d-2 and 1320-4 ) . Dated: January 13, 2003. Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary. [ FR Doc. 03-3877 Filed 2-13-03 ; 8:45 am How to cite Ten Steps Of Billing Process Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Blood Brothers Coursework Thesis Essay Example For Students

Blood Brothers Coursework Thesis Essay Blood Brothers is a story of a pair of twins who are separated at  birth. They are brought up in totally different ways and this is shown  through the characters register, body language and reactions to each  other. They story is told by various methods such as the use of an  interventionist narrator and soliloquy in the form of songs by the  characters. In this essay I intend to analyse various techniques and themes which help establish this play to the succesful status it has attained. The Play is written by Willie Russell. Willie Russell was born just outside  Liverpool in Whiston, 1947. After leaving school with one English O-level, he then went on became a ladies hairdresser. In his spare time he would write comical songs but would never sing them in public until one night at his local pub, his  friend put him up to sing, and for the first time sang a song he wrote  about the Kirkby Estate where he had his audience in gales of  laughter. Blood Brothers is set at a crucial time in British  history. It is set in Liverpool in the early 1980s at a time when many  of the working class were being replaced by machines as it was  cheaper. The educated people, though were hardly affected. We see Mrs  Johnston a hard-working woman, pregnant, alone with seven children and  struggling to pay her debts. Then we see her bright and breezy,  middle class employer Mrs Lyons. At first glance both women seem  different, but they both share similar difficulties. They both are  mostly alone and have been abandoned by their husbands. Mrs Johnstons  husband totally abandoned her when the pressure was too much,  mehusband walked out on me. Mrs Lyons has not been totally abandoned by  her husband, yet he is always away for long gaps of time when he is on  business trips,  the company sent him out for about nine months.  This is a huge space in time and is almost like abandoning her.  The themes of the play were very obvious, such as class, innocence,  superstition and family love. These themes were developed by movement,  speech and mime. For example the theme of superstition was developed  from the start when Mrs Lyons put the new shoes on the table and Mrs  Johnstone reminded her about the saying  New shoes on the table arebad luck. It was then later developed by Mrs Lyons by her saying  Come on or the bogey man will get you.  This makes the theme of superstition more effective because the script makes more than one reference to it. Also this themes back up the theme of innocence with  the children because Edward believed it and so this also helped the  theme develop. Another big theme in the play was class. This was  clearly shown from the start because of Mrs Johnstone working for Mrs  Lyons. When Edward and Mickey first meet, the simple fact that they do not realise that theyre twins, especially when they find out that their birthdays are on the  same day, shows that their physical appearances must have been changed  quite a lot by their parents and environment. Mickey: Whens your birthday?  Eddie: December 12th.  Mickey: So is mine.  It does not give any specific images of any of their appearances but  you would expect Eddie to have a side parting, clean face and may be  chubbier than Mickey due to a better diet and he would have been more  knowledgeable about hygiene. Mickey would probably be quite a grubby  boy and perhaps not as tall as Eddie but he will probably be stronger  than Eddie because of the amount of time spent outside playing. Eddie  would probably have watched the TV or played on a computer because it  was available to him.

Ethical Business Practice- Walmart

Question: Discuss about the Report for Ethical Business Practice for Walmart. Answer: Introduction The assignment will focus on addressing ethical issues of Walmart. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the sustainable practices of the company. It also discusses the ethical issues faced by the company. Carrolls four-part Corporate Social Responsibility has been used to assess Walmarts commitment to entire society. The paper has identified key stakeholders of the company according to their power; legitimacy and urgency. It is also important of Walmart to be ethical in communication and business practice. In this paper, some questions will be answered based on the case study of ethical business practice of Walmart. Analysis Walmart is one of the most powerful companies in the international market. The business practice of this company is often inspected carefully. By evaluating the sustainability activities regarding employees; society and environment, it can be said that whether Walmart is doing enough to become more sustainable is future. Walmart has been criticized over the years for the way it treats its employees. The company failed to offer health insurance to the most of its employees and to avoid health coverage it encouraged part-time workers. This has significant ripple effect on the economy, as a company like Walmart engages significant number of work-force. After the bad publicity of the company, Walmart improved the health benefits package and offered low deductibles. It also implemented generic prescription plan to save millions of dollars of the employees (Ferrell and Fraedrich 2015). Moreover, its low price strategy has reduced the wage of the workers and this has been highly criticised. This has led to high dissatisfaction of the workers. Hence, it can be said that Walmart is not practising enough to attain sustainability. Existence of Walmart has put other companies out of business. This is a social issue. The reduction is wage of Walmart has reduced the wage at other retail firms as well. However, Walmart works together with suppliers to reduce the cost of packaging and shipping to maintain low costs of products to the customers (Ji, Gunasekaran and Yang 2014). It has developed Sustainability Index in order to maintain the quality of the product and to have a sustainable supply chain. However, the critics argue that the sustainability goal of Walmart is actually shifting burden on the suppliers. Walmart is one the major violators of environment activities. In 2005, US Attorneys office of California has announced violation of safe environment practice by the company, in terms of recycling; treatment and hazardous material storage and transportation. In 2013, the company pled guilty due to dumping hazardous waste materials. Opening up of Walmart has caused urban extension, which means the acres of green space in the city consumed by Walmart store construction. Apart from these negative impacts on environment, this company has aims to offer renewable energy. It has installed 115 rooftops solar electricity in several countries. It also taken up many projects for its own renewable projects. By reducing the energy consumption and purchasing green power have facilitated the country to conserve energy. Walmart has replaced their old freezers and reduces emission of greenhouse gas by 20 million metric ton by 2015. It has also attempted to reduce the use of fossils fuel (Slattery 2015 ). By transporting many products in each time has resulted into fall in carbon emission. Walmart has been successful in converting million pounds of used cooking oil into biodiesel; soap etc. The recycling method of this company has reduced global plastic waste since 2007 and it has been able to keep waste out of landfills by a significant amount. Hence, it can be said that, Walmart is becoming environmentally sustainable over the years by practicing environment friendly business. 2. The worlds leading retail company Walmart has been criticized for low benefits and wages to its workers. Even if they promote hiring healthy and productive employees, it actually encourages part time workers in order to avoid health benefit package. When employees earn very little, the Federal government offers health benefits to those people. Therefore, burden of health care coverage has been shifted to federal government. Moreover, even if the company is expanding its stores a but has decreased workforce it used to engage. As a result of this, unemployment in the society has been taken place. Due to lack of workers, it is also hard to handle huge customers at the stores. This has led to customer dissatisfaction. Later the company has offered low deductibles to improve the health benefits. Moreover, it has always opposed formation of labour union (Boudway 2012). Whenever, any situation arises to form union, Walmart manages to by-pass it diplomatically. For example, when butchers of the company voted to join union, Walmart announced they would sell pre-cut meat to get rid of workers of the meat-cutting department. Moreover, the company prevented the workers to join union technically in China, where the working condition was very poor along with a very low wage. This is one of the unethical behaviours of the company. However, mounting pressure the company allowed union in its store (Li and Liu 2016). Some major unethical practices of the company have been alleged by the workers themselves. It has been complained by the employees that Walmart denied meal breaks or rest breaks. In fact, the managers of the company deliberately changed time cards to prevent the overtime. The company denied the allegation but pay $640 million for settle down 63 lawsuits. Walmart has been accused on ethical grounds for discriminating its employees. The company paid less to the female store managers than the males in the same job position. It is claimed that Walmart not only practices sex-discrimination in terms of wage, but also in terms of promotion; training and job assignment. Walmart claimed that promotion is made on individual basis and it took the case to the Supreme Court firms right is violated by local suit. Walmart has also faced various scandals. During 2005, the Vice Chairman Thomas Coughlin resigned as he was caught stealing $500000 from the company for irrelevant expenses and reimbursement. He also used gift cards that were unauthorised. In spite of getting millions of dollars of compensation from the company, he has misused Walmarts fund for paying his personal expenses. Again in 2012, bribery scandal was discovered in Mexico. In this scandal, the top executives of Walmart paid millions of dollars as bribe to the Mexican officials (Barstow 2012). It was paid in order to get approval of zoning permits and license to open stores in this country. The executives covered their tracks with the help of fraudulent methods of reporting. Around $24 million has been paid as bribes to get the required permits. While investigating, it has been found that when the Walmart was informed about the bribery evidence, the CEO Lee Scott and higher authority were reluctant to report this issue as, revel ation of bribery would create negative impact on the reputation of the company. Hence, Walmart has suffered from ethical leadership issues. Even if the stakeholders voted against reselection of Mike Duke; Lee Scott and Robert Walton, these members were reselected, which signalled lack of confidence in the ability of leadership to prevent misconduct of the stores (Ferrell and Fraedrich 2015). Therefore, it is required to ensure that Walmart is adheres to ethics and compliance. 3. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) refers to behaving as a socially responsible apart from just earning high profit. It addresses the social problem of all levels and focuses on ethical behaviour of the company. There must be some motivation within the business apart from making profit. Business does not exist because of making high profit, rather it has to meet some need that the society values for. CSR is both corporate and stakeholder responsibility. According to Carrolls four-part model of CSR, it involves four layers of business. This defines that the business should be profitable; law abiding; ethical and socially supportive (Carroll and Buchholtz 2014). This is also called pyramid of responsibilities. The pyramids must be seen as a whole and the four parts of it should not be separated. Making high profit by minimizing costs or maximizing sales and strategic choice are at the base of the pyramid, i.e. the economic responsibility. Better economic performance is required by t he society. The business or the company must obey the law as law reflects what is socially accepted and what is not. Hence, the second layer is the legal responsibility. Ethical responsibility is not required but it is expected by the society. The firm must avoid questionable business practices. By operating above minimum standard of law indicates ethical responsibilities. At the top of the pyramid, the philanthropic responsibilities stand. When a company improve the quality of life for the society then they aim for this responsibility. The companys contribution to the community and its engagement in volunteerism program is example of philanthropic responsibilities. The stakeholders are affected by the different responsibilities. The economics responsibility affects the employees and owners; legal responsibility affects the owners mainly, but also related to the workers and consumers. The ethical layer of responsibility has impact on all stakeholders but it mostly engages employees and consumers. The philanthropic responsibilities affect the community. It also influences the morale of employees by performing what is socially desirable and expected. The Walmart has put the small merchants out of the business. Due to the ability of charging low price for reasonable quality, it becomes harder for the local stores to compete with this international giant. The small firms are unable to reduce their cost of production, thus unable to earn profit by charging low price. Walmart is socially responsible for downward pressure of the wage in the towns where it opens store. This is because; to compete with low pricing of Walmart, the other firms reduce their cost of labours (Lichtenstein 2014). The predatory pricing of the company left no place for the competitors in the market. However, in the other way around, it can be said that low price of the products has helped to save millions of dollars of the consumers, who are unable to afford high priced goods. Walmart requires huge space for construction of its stores, as the superstores occupy 20 to 30 acres of land. It selects a busy and prime location to attract more customers of the city. This results into stressing the roads parking and the congestion on the road affecting the traffic flow. However, the Walmart started to open its smaller stores of 1500 square feet as in the places like New York city, it is hard to get such huge vacant land for its stores. The expansion of stores has caused stretching of urban area that implies less greenery in the region. Many cities were not eager to welcome Walmart, because of loss of green space and urban sprawl. Hence, the ethical responsibility of Walmart is questionable. In terms of environment, Walmart has fulfilled philanthropic responsibilities by reducing its energy consumption. Daylighting feature dim or switch off the lights when daylight increases and enters through skylights. This reduces the demand for electricity during the peak hours. In addition to this, Walmart controls heating and cooling to manage the energy consumption. Using LED lights; secondary loop refrigeration system in the stores helped the company to meet its goal of reduction in the greenhouse gas emission (Plambeck 2012). This indicated that Walmart is following its philanthropic responsibilities that are socially desirable and expected. Stores in Mexico and Northern Ireland are powered by wind energy. Walmart has also contributed to disaster management program; women empowerment. It has donated over 1.5 million dollars for aiding the victims of Hurricane Sandy. Moreover, it also granted $2 million for the associates damaged home and for creating toll-free number for the associates who needs help. It has also addressed obesity problem in America and lowered its price for fruits and vegetables to encourage healthy buying and reduced fats; sugar and salts in the foods. Therefore, it is reflected from the practice of Walmart that it meets responsibilities of all tyres that are expected and socially desirable. 4. According to Mitchell et al. the stakeholders are identified based on three variables; power; legitimacy and urgency. Power is the extent to which the party has the access of physical; material and social esteem to impose the will on the company (Ravi 2015). Legitimacy is the perception that the actions of a party are proper or appropriate within some social norms. Urgency is defined as degree to which a party claims for immediate action. It defines how important the claim of the stakeholders to the company. Based on these typologies the managers give priority to the stakeholders. Greatest priority will be given to the stakeholders with urgency; power and legitimacy. These variables are interrelated with each other and hence represented in the Venn Diagram. Source: Ravi 2015 The stakeholders of Walmart are the top managers; employees; customers and environment stakeholders etc. Customers are the only demanding stakeholders as it does not have any power or legitimacy. In the initial years of Walmart, the companys only focus was on providing high quality service to its customers (Lukic 2013). However, at present, the customer loyalty; interest of the customers has diminished that has affected the brand value. The major reason for this was its increasing bad reputation. Hence, even if they do to have any power, the customers are the major stakeholders of the company. this is because; without fulfilling the demand of these stakeholders the business cannot sustain for long. The lower price of the products is one of the major way to keep these group of stakeholders happy. The employers are considered to be definitive stakeholders. They have the power to influence the decision of the company. Employers also have legal support and their claim is also urgent. Many lawsuits have been filed against Walmart by the employees. Walmart has mistreated its employees of California by giving no proper break for meal and deliberately hide the record of overtime done by the workers. Hence, Walmart had to pay $640 million to settle 63 lawsuits (Hirsh and Cha 2015). In the class -action lawsuits of workers of San Francisco, it has been claimed that Walmart practices sex-discrimination. With many appeal and re-appeal in the court, it has been determined that there is nothing common in the women to classify for class-action status. The grievances against Walmart focused on the condition of working in the company. This has led to protests and picketing. Hence, employees are major stakeholders of Walmart whose interests have to be addressed by the firm. The environmental stakeholders are also dominant stakeholders. Such as government; policy makers or other social activists. The environment related activity of Walmart affects the society as a whole. Due to disposal of hazardous waste component, the had to pay charges in 2013. The company faces problem while expanding their stores as it has been destroying the greenery (Tate, Ellram and Glgeci 2013). Moreover, Walmart has faced many ethical issues, thus the shareholders demand that the leaders of the company should improve the transparency. Moreover, the top managers played vital role as stakeholders. In spite of shareholders vote against re-election of some former members, they were elected that indicates power of the higher authority. This has led to lack of confidence shown by the investors into this company, who are the major stakeholders with urgency to change the firms decision. 5. Ethical communication is one of the socially responsible practise of a company. Employees along with other stakeholders get to understand ethical practice of the firm if the communication is transparent and made clear to them. Walmart has lacked communication process with the employees that has caused loss of money to the company (Collins 2011). Walmart did not trained workers properly about disposing the harmful waste. Hence, incurred million dollars as compensation. Moreover, prior to the scandal in Mexico, research claimed that the CEO was informed about the bribery evidence, however, no report or files lodged against this incident (Barstow 2012). This lack transparency in communication. The bribery scandal and scam of 2005 sends negative signal to the customers as well as the stakeholders. By filing lawsuits against the workers and terminating relationship with the suppliers who are engaged in misconduct, Walmart communicate with the shareholders to get back their support and con fidence on the firm. Moreover, Walmart demanded that suppliers must not subcontract to any other firms, as this would make the supply chain more complex. Walmart auditing and approval mechanism is done by the third party. Suppliers pay for inspection process and this caused limitation in reaching information to the parent company, i.e. Walmart. The company hired staffs of warehouses by employing agencies or contractors. Many complaints raised against the company but it argued that the third party agencies are responsible for poor working condition. Walmart must ensure that the third party obeys proper labour law. Hence, it required proper communication. The factory audit has to be made public to be accountable truly. Walmart has released promotional campaign to control its damage. This way of communication would lead to improve the brand image of the company. the company emphasizes on providing healthier food alternatives and uses different advertisement to communicate with the people and shareholders. By developing relationships with influential people the company has practised ethical communication. Its sustainable environmental business practices conveyed the message of social responsibilities. It is recommended that company should develop good relationship with its stakeholders. By initiating goodwill with the customers and looking after the well-being of the workers would help the company to improve its ethical business practices. The internal control mechanism of Walmart must be improved in order to overcome the bad reputation from bribery scandals. It is important that the company should become more responsible to the community as a whole (Barnett 2016). Conclusion The main purpose of the assignment is to evaluate the ethical business practice of Walmart that also takes into account the corporate social responsibility. The research has used data and information from the given case study and assess the impact of Walmart on society. It has been found that the major issue of Walmart is being unethical to the employees. In addition to this, some unlawful practices like bribery and scam of top executives led to bad reputation. However, the company is achieving environmental sustainability over the years. The major limitation of this study is that, Walmart has its stores over many countries. Business practice is different in different region. This aspect is not addressed in this assignment. References Barnett, M.L., 2016. The Business Case for CSR: A Critique and an Indirect Path Forward. Business Society (forthcoming). Barstow, D. (2012). At Wal-Mart in Mexico, a Bribe Inquiry Silenced. [online] Nytimes.com. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/22/business/at-wal-mart-in-mexico-a-bribe-inquiry-silenced.html?pagewanted=all_r=0 [Accessed 3 Sep. 2016]. Boudway, I. (2012). Labor Disputes, the Walmart Way - Bloomberg. [online] Bloomberg.com. Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-12-13/labor-disputes-the-walmart-way [Accessed 3 Sep. 2016]. Carroll, A.B. and Buchholtz, A.K., 2014. Business and society: Ethics, sustainability, and stakeholder management. Nelson Education. Collins, D., 2011. Business ethics: How to design and manage ethical organizations. John Wiley Sons. Ferrell, O.C. and Fraedrich, J., 2015. Business ethics: Ethical decision making cases. Nelson Education. Hirsh, C.E. and Cha, Y., 2015. Employment Discrimination Lawsuits and Corporate Stock Prices. Social Currents, 2(1), pp.40-57. Ji, G., Gunasekaran, A. and Yang, G., 2014. Constructing sustainable supply chain under double environmental medium regulations. International Journal of Production Economics, 147, pp.211-219. Li, C. and Liu, M., 2016. A pathway to a vital labour movement in China?: a case study of a union-led protest against Walmart. Lichtenstein, N., 2014. Two cheers for vertical integration: corporate governance in a world of global supply chains. Unpublished manuscript. University of California-Santa Barbara. Lukic, R., 2013. Sustainable cost management in retail. Revista de Management Comparat International, 14(2), p.268. Plambeck, E.L., 2012. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions through operations and supply chain management. Energy Economics, 34, pp.S64-S74. Ravi, S.P., 2015. Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholder Perception, and Firm Performance: Walmart. Technological Solutions for Sustainable Business Practice in Asia, p.105. Slattery, M., 2015. Energy Security in the United States Department of Defense: How and why the US Army and Navy are reducing their reliance on fossil fuels and the electrical grid, and what it could mean for the rest of us. Senior Capstone Projects. Tate, W.L., Ellram, L.M. and Glgeci, I., 2013. Diffusion of environmental business practices: A network approach. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 19(4), pp.264-275.